Saudi Clinicians’ and Teachers’ Discourses About Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

Visiting Assistant Professor Dar Al-Hekma University

المستخلص

      اضطراب فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه هو أکثر الاضطرابات العصبية النمائية شيوعًا بين الأطفال. تکشف هذه الدراسة بواسطة طريقة تحليل الخطاب Foucauldian،  عن الخطابات الناتجة من ستة مدرسين سعوديين وأربعة أطباء أثناء وصفهم لتجربتهم مع اضطراب فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه. عند تحدثهم عن هذا الاضطراب يقترب الأطباء السعوديون من اعتباره امتدادًا لوجهات النظر الطبية الأمريکية من حيث أسبابه وتشخيصه وعلاجه. في ضوء نقص ادوية  ADHD  الموصى بها، وبشکل مثير للقلق،  زاد وصف الأدوية المضادة للذهان للأطفال المشخصين ب ADHD  في السعودية. کانت آراء المعلمين السعوديين حول اضطراب فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه امتدادًا للخطاب الطبي؛ هذا يعني أنه تم تجاهل نقاط القوة لدى الطلاب وکان الترکيز بالکامل على الأنماط السلوکية السلبية. وعندما يختلف سلوک الطفل أو أعراضه عن فهم بعض المعلمين المحدود لماهية فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه، نعت هؤلاء المعلمون الطلاب العاديين "کثيري الحرکة" على أنهم مصابون باضطراب فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه أو اضطرابات أخرى. حمل المعلمون الآباء الذين لا يمتثلون لاقتراحاتهم، مثل إعطاء الطفل الأدوية او نقله الى مدارس الفکرية، مسؤولية أي نقص في سلوک الطفل وتحصيله الأکاديمي. هذه النتائج لها آثار على الأفراد والمؤسسات التعليمية التي توفر تعليم اضطراب فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه لکل من الأطباء والمعلمين، وتعزز دعوات الباحثين لفحص فرط الحرکة ونقص الانتباه خارج "الصندوق" الوراثي.

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